They have a learning difficulty which calls for special educational provision to be made.
A child has a learning difficulty if:
They have a significantly greater difficulty in learning than the majority of children of the same age.
They have a disability which either prevents or hinders them making use of everyday educational facilities of a kind generally provided for children of the same age in ordinary (mainstream) schools.
Special Educational Provision means in relation to a child:
Educational provision which is additional to or otherwise different from, the educational provision made generally for children of their age in ordinary (mainstream) schools.
(Paraphrased from Article 3 of the Education (NI) Order 1996)